APPLYING USES OF GLASS AND CERAMICS.



















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A)GLASS
  1.  Main component of glass is silica,SiO2(sand).
  2. Properties of glass.
  • hard
  • transparent
  • water resistant
  • fragile
  • chemical rersistant
  • does not conduct electricity
  • insulator


TYPE OF GLASS



Image result for fused silica glass
FUSED SILICA GLASS
(consisting of silica SiO2)

PROPERTIES
a.High heat and chemical resistance.
b.High purity
c.Transparent
d.High resistance to thermal shock.

USES
↝ Laboratory apparatus glass,optical lenses,telescopes,mirrors and fiber optics.



Image result for soda lime glass mirrors
SODA LIME GLASS 
(a mixture of silica,SiO2 and calcium carbonate,CaCO3 or sodium carbonate,NaCO3)
(heating sand with limestone ,CaCO3 or NaCO3)

PROPERTIES
a.Low melting point
b.Easily shaped
c.Good chemical durability
d.Does not withstand heat
e.High thermal expansion coefficient(it expands a lot when heated and contract a lot when is cooled)

USES
↝Window panes,electrical bulbs,mirrors and glass containers


Image result for borosilicate glass cookware
BOROSILICATE GLASS
(a mixture of silica SiO2,boron oxide,B2O3,sodium oxide,Na2O, and aluminum oxide,Al2O3)
(boron oxide,B2O3 added to soda lime glass)

PROPERTIES
a.Low thermal expansion coefficient.
b.Greater chemical durability.
c.High heat resistant.

USES
↝Cookware,laboraty glassware,automobile headlights and glass pipelines.


Image result for lead glass finest tableware
LEAD GLASS 
(crystal glass)
(a mixture of silica SiO2,lead (Ⅱ) oxide,PbO, and sodium oxide,Na2O)

PROPERTIES
a.Low melting point.
b.Transparent.
c.High density.
d.High refractive index.

USES
↝Finest tableware,crystal glassware and prims.

B)CERAMICS
  1. Ceramics is made of clay.
  2. Ceramics are produced by heating clay at very high temperatures.The basic composition is aluminium,Al,silicon,Si and oxygen,O.For example koalin,hydrated aluminosilicate ,Al2O3.2SiO.2H2O.
  3. Ceramic is different from glass,cannot be recycled because ceramic cannot be melted again.
  4. Properties of ceramics:
  • Heat resistance an not easily to melted.
  • Very hard.
  • Fragile.
  • Inert to chemicals
  • Not easily corrosive.
  • Thermal and electrical insulation.
PROPERTIES OF CERAMIC AND ITS USES:

1)Properties: Hard and brittle
   Uses:Construction material
   Example:Bricks,cement,tiles,underground pipes

Man laying ceramic floor tilesImage result for BRICKSImage result for cementImage result for UNDERGROUND PIPE


2)Properties:Looks shiny,last longer and rust resistant
   Uses:Material for ornament
   Example:Porcelain vases

Image result for porcelain vasesImage result for ornament ceramics

3)Properties :Withstand high temperature.
   Uses:Kitchen utensils.
   Example:Cooking utensils and crockeries.

Image result for ceramic cooking utensilsRelated image


4)Properties:Cannot conduct electrivity
   Uses:Making of insulators in electrical equipment.
   Example:Insulators in bread toaster and irons,spark plugs in car engines.

Image result for insulators in bread toaster and ironsImage result for spark plug in car engine

5)Properties:Connot conduct heat
   Uses:Heat insulator layers
   Example:Layers in blast furnaces

Image result for blast furnaces


6)Properties:Inert,hard and chemical resistant
   Uses:Dental and surgical equipment
   Example:False teeth,prosthetic hands and legs.

Image result for False teeth,Image result for prosthetic hands and legImage result for prosthetic hands and leg


7)Properties:Super conductor
   Uses:Microchips
    Example:Microchip in computers,radios and televisions.

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