APPLYING USES OF GLASS AND CERAMICS.
A)GLASS
- Main component of glass is silica,SiO2(sand).
- Properties of glass.
- hard
- transparent
- water resistant
- fragile
- chemical rersistant
- does not conduct electricity
- insulator
FUSED SILICA GLASS
(consisting of silica SiO2)
PROPERTIES
a.High heat and chemical resistance.
b.High purity
c.Transparent
d.High resistance to thermal shock.
USES
↝ Laboratory apparatus glass,optical lenses,telescopes,mirrors and fiber optics.
SODA LIME GLASS
(a mixture of silica,SiO2 and calcium carbonate,CaCO3 or sodium carbonate,NaCO3)
(heating sand with limestone ,CaCO3 or NaCO3)
PROPERTIES
a.Low melting point
b.Easily shaped
c.Good chemical durability
d.Does not withstand heat
e.High thermal expansion coefficient(it expands a lot when heated and contract a lot when is cooled)
USES
↝Window panes,electrical bulbs,mirrors and glass containers
BOROSILICATE GLASS
(a mixture of silica SiO2,boron oxide,B2O3,sodium oxide,Na2O, and aluminum oxide,Al2O3)
(boron oxide,B2O3 added to soda lime glass)
PROPERTIES
a.Low thermal expansion coefficient.
b.Greater chemical durability.
c.High heat resistant.
USES
↝Cookware,laboraty glassware,automobile headlights and glass pipelines.
LEAD GLASS
(crystal glass)
(a mixture of silica SiO2,lead (Ⅱ) oxide,PbO, and sodium oxide,Na2O)
PROPERTIES
a.Low melting point.
b.Transparent.
c.High density.
d.High refractive index.
USES
↝Finest tableware,crystal glassware and prims.
B)CERAMICS
- Ceramics is made of clay.
- Ceramics are produced by heating clay at very high temperatures.The basic composition is aluminium,Al,silicon,Si and oxygen,O.For example koalin,hydrated aluminosilicate ,Al2O3.2SiO.2H2O.
- Ceramic is different from glass,cannot be recycled because ceramic cannot be melted again.
- Properties of ceramics:
- Heat resistance an not easily to melted.
- Very hard.
- Fragile.
- Inert to chemicals
- Not easily corrosive.
- Thermal and electrical insulation.
PROPERTIES OF CERAMIC AND ITS USES:
1)Properties: Hard and brittle
Uses:Construction material
Example:Bricks,cement,tiles,underground pipes
2)Properties:Looks shiny,last longer and rust resistant
Uses:Material for ornament
Example:Porcelain vases
3)Properties :Withstand high temperature.
Uses:Kitchen utensils.
Example:Cooking utensils and crockeries.
4)Properties:Cannot conduct electrivity
Uses:Making of insulators in electrical equipment.
Example:Insulators in bread toaster and irons,spark plugs in car engines.
5)Properties:Connot conduct heat
Uses:Heat insulator layers
Example:Layers in blast furnaces
6)Properties:Inert,hard and chemical resistant
Uses:Dental and surgical equipment
Example:False teeth,prosthetic hands and legs.
7)Properties:Super conductor
Uses:Microchips
Example:Microchip in computers,radios and televisions.
Uses of different type of glasses?
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